Rachel Jackson asked:


With so many different types of mortgage available, it’s difficult to determine the right one for you. Before you start looking at available mortgages, however, it’s important to first evaluate your finances, as your financial situation is an important factor that will dictate the type of loan you need, and how much you can afford to borrow.

Step One: Evaluating Your Finances

Before you even think about the type of mortgage you should obtain, it’s important to evaluate your financial situation. Check your credit rating and FICO score, evaluate your income and debt level, figure out the size of the down payment you can afford, and determine how much mortgage you can afford and what your credit rating will allow you access to.

When it comes to your credit rating, know that between 620 and 699, you’ll probably pay a higher interest rate than if your credit rating is over 700, due to a slightly higher perceived risk on the part of lenders. If your credit rating is below 620, you may find it’s better to wait and improve your credit rating rather than be forced into a sub-prime mortgage with a high interest rate.

Step Two: Choosing the Best Mortgage

Once you have completed an evaluation of your financial situation, you’re ready to start thinking about the kind of mortgage you want. The mortgage that best suits you will depend on a long list of factors, not all of which are related to the amount of money you have for a mortgage. Think not only about how much mortgage you can afford, but also your credit rating, how long you plan to stay in the home, and whether you think your plans or financial situation might change in the future.

So what are your main mortgage options?

Fixed rate mortgage

Normally a 10, 15, or 30-year mortgage, you pay the same interest rate over the life of the loan.

Good for: If you like the security of paying the same amount every month and you’re planning on owning the home long-term, this is definitely the best option. There are some variations on this theme, including jumbo mortgages, which are larger-than-standard loans with a slightly higher interest rate.

Adjustable rate mortgage

These are mortgages with adjustable interest rates, which come in several different varieties. When you first get an adjustable rate mortgage the interest rate is lower than that you’d get with a fixed rate mortgage. However, at intervals, the interest rate can increase or decrease according to current market rates. This means your monthly repayments aren’t fixed, so these types of mortgages are more risky in comparison to fixed rate mortgages.

Good for: If you want a mortgage with an initial low rate and you’re prepared to take a risk on later rates (or you only plan to own the home for a few years), this may be a good prospect.

Interest-only mortgage

The standard type of mortgage is amortized, meaning your monthly repayments include both principal and interest. An interest-only mortgage is just what its name suggests – your monthly repayments don’t have to include principal (but you can pay off principal amounts at any time). This means you are not building up equity in your home while you’re only paying interest, but there are no pre-payment penalties.

Good for: This type of loan can work well if your income is at a consistent level overall but is subject to highs and lows, since you can pay off extra principal when you can afford to do so, and pay interest only when your income is at a lower level.

Balloon mortgage

This type of mortgage has a fixed interest rate and stable repayments over the life of the loan, with lower repayments in comparison to a fixed rate mortgage. However, the terms of the loan are generally short, with three, five, and seven years being the most common options. At the end of this time period, the entire balance of the loan is due. The final payment is typically very large, so a balloon mortgage is one which shouldn’t be taken lightly.

Good for: This type of mortgage can be a good option if you plan to stay in the home long term, want to get your mortgage paid off quickly, or if know you can afford the balloon payment. Alternatively, a balloon mortgage can be useful if you know you’ll be moving or refinancing before the balloon payment is due.

30-due-in-7

For the first seven years of the mortgage you have a fixed interest rate which is generally lower than that of a standard fixed rate mortgage. In the eighth year of the mortgage, the interest rate changes to be in line with whatever the current rate is at that time. For the remaining 22 years of the mortgage, the interest rate stays fixed at that rate. Another option is a 30-due-in-5 mortgage, where the interest rate changes in the sixth year.

Good for: These mortgages can be a good option if you’re planning to stay in the house for more than five or ten years and you are willing to risk the possibility that your monthly payments may change substantially when the second interest rate is due.

mike cole asked:


It is a decision that is almost as important as which house you purchase – which type of mortgage to get. Choosing the right mortgage for your specific needs can potentially save you thousands of dollars over the term of the mortgage. Your two basic options when it comes to a mortgage will be a fixed rate (FRM) or an adjustable (ARM) mortgage, although you may also be able to qualify for other options such as an FHA loan or a VA loan.

Most home buyers take out a fixed rate mortgage – around 70% of all mortgages are fixed rate as opposed to adjustable. A fixed rate mortgage is exactly what it sounds like: the interest rate on your loan will not change, regardless of the economy or whether interest rates rise or fall. The terms and conditions of a fixed rate mortgage are also protected by law. An adjustable rate mortgage will go up or down depending on the interest rate at the time. Whether you should choose a fixed rate or adjustable mortgage depends on the general state of the economy along with your financial situation and the risk you are willing to take.

If interest rates are low when you take out a mortgage, or if you just do not want to take the risk of them increasing, you are probably better off with a fixed rate mortgage. If you have a large mortgage, whereby even a slight rate increase may mean a big increase in your monthly mortgage payment – you are perhaps better off with a fixed rate. If you are simply the cautious type who does not like taking a risk, a fixed rate mortgage is typically the best option for you.

The obvious advantage is that the interest rate does not change – and neither will the amount of your monthly payment. You always know exactly how much you will be paying each week and can thus budget more accurately; the amount of your monthly payment will only increase if the amount of insurance rates or the amount of property taxes increases. Some borrowers consider it easier to plan for other big expenses, such as college funds and retirement, with a fixed rate mortgage.

A fixed rate mortgage does not take into account the cost of living or inflation. In other words, as time goes by and you are perhaps earning more money and everything else costs that much more – your mortgage payment is going to stay the same. Arguably, this can mean more money in your pocket – in 20 years from now, you may be earning more money than you are now, but your monthly house payments are going to stay the same.

The biggest disadvantage of a fixed rate mortgage is that you run the risk of missing lower payments when the interest rate goes down. The difference in the amount that you pay each month can be substantial if you have an adjustable rate mortgage and the interest rate is lowered. This not only saves you money each month, but also potentially helps you pay off your mortgage sooner. Of course, nobody can ever accurately predict when interest rates are going to drop, although it is sometimes possible to have some indication and base your decision upon that.

A change in the interest rate can make a huge difference in determining the amount that you end up paying for your home. A homeowner with a 30-year mortgage can enjoy average savings of around $50,000 over the term of their mortgage with the interest rate being lowered by just one point. And an increase in the interest rate of just one or two percent can mean monthly payments that are between $50 and $250 higher, depending on the cost of your home. The decision to take a fixed rate or adjustable mortgage may also depend on whether you are taking out a 15 or 30-year mortgage.

One compromise of sorts is to take out a fixed rate mortgage and then refinance your loan when interest rates are lowered. Another option with a fixed rate mortgage (or an adjustable rate mortgage) is to pay extra each month towards the principal, thus saving a large amount in interest charges – as well as making the term of the mortgage shorter and owning your home sooner. Make sure that any extra amount that you pay is going towards the principal and not the interest.

It is a huge decision – whether to play it safe and take the fixed rate, or take a chance and go with the adjustable rate mortgage. Ultimately, the decision is yours; but be sure to get some good financial advice before deciding. A fixed rate mortgage has many advantages and disadvantages; you just have to decide which is best for your financial situation.